托福閱讀如何做筆記
托福閱讀考試做題，考生很多時分都需求返回原文中去查找對應(yīng)的信息，其實這種做法是比較浪費時間的，由于有些內(nèi)容大家完整能夠經(jīng)過筆記的方式在閱讀過程中就記載下來為之后解題提供協(xié)助。那么托福閱讀筆記到底要怎樣做記載哪些信息呢?下面小編就來為大家細致解說。
托福閱讀如何做筆記
托福閱讀做筆記要點：注重重要的邏輯關(guān)系
很多考生在閱讀文章的時分只留意到了文章所論述的重要內(nèi)容，但是疏忽了信息之間的邏輯關(guān)系，因此對信息關(guān)聯(lián)了解不精確，這也是一種嚴重的錯誤。因而，在閱讀過程中記載下信息之間所產(chǎn)生的邏輯關(guān)系能夠防止考生喪失信息之間的關(guān)聯(lián)信息。
托福閱讀做筆記要點：抓住主題段和主題句的關(guān)鍵詞
托福閱讀文章中的主題段和主題句都是參與搭建文章構(gòu)造的主要局部，因而記載幾個關(guān)鍵詞關(guān)于把握全文的構(gòu)造十分重要。同時，文章中有很多的重要信息也會包含在這局部內(nèi)容中。
托福閱讀做筆記要點：關(guān)注時間和數(shù)字
通常來講，呈現(xiàn)時間概念的文章或段落通常和時間次第有關(guān)，作者會用不同的時間點串出一條時間線索。而個別數(shù)字的呈現(xiàn)則意味著這個數(shù)字所論述概念的重要性是不容無視的，因而，除非文章中呈現(xiàn)了數(shù)據(jù)堆積的現(xiàn)象，考生都需求把數(shù)字記載下來。在記載時間和數(shù)字時需求留意兩個問題，一是在記載時間的同時要同步記載下該時間點所發(fā)作事情的關(guān)鍵詞，二是無論文章中的時間和數(shù)字是什么方式，考生在記載的時分都一概記載成阿拉伯數(shù)字，以便于之后做題時的查詢。
托福閱讀做筆記要點：留意人名、地名和專有名詞
這些概念在文章中呈現(xiàn)的時分，普通都會呈現(xiàn)大寫字母或引號等標志，十分有利于信息索引和定位。此外，當提到這幾個詳細的概念時，文章通常是在用這些概念闡明某個理論或者觀念，因而記載下這些概念關(guān)于了解相關(guān)理論和觀念能夠起到一定的輔助作用。
假如大家可以在托福閱讀過程中做好筆記記載下以上信息，小編置信大家的閱讀解題效率也能得到提升，閱讀高分將指日可待!
托福閱讀真題練習：雕塑
托福閱讀文本：
The sculptural legacy that the new United States inherited from its colonial predecessors was far from a rich one, and in fact, in 1776 sculpture as an art form was still in the hands of artisans and craftspeople. Stone carvers engraved their motifs of skulls and crossbones and other religious icons of death into the gray slabs that we still see standing today in old burial grounds. Some skilled craftspeople made intricately carved wooden ornamentations for furniture or architectural decorations, while others caved wooden shop signs and ships' figureheads. Although they often achieved expression and formal excellence in their generally primitive style, they remained artisans skilled in the craft of carving and constituted a group distinct from what we normally think of as "sculptors" in today's use of the word.
On the rare occasion when a fine piece of sculpture was desired, Americans turned to foreign sculptors, as in the 1770's when the cities of New York and Charleston, South Carolina, commissioned the Englishman Joseph Wilton to make marble statues of William Pitt. Wilton also made a lead equestrian image of King George III that was created in New York in 1770 and torn down by zealous patriots six years later.A few marble memorials with carved busts, urns, or other decorations were produced in England and brought to the colonies to be set in the walls of churches — as in King's Chapel in Boston. But sculpture as a high art, practiced by artists who knew both the artistic theory of their Renaissance-Baroque-Rococo predecessors and the various technical procedures of modeling, casting, and carving rich three-dimensional forms, was not known among Americans in 1776. Indeed, for many years thereafter, the United States had two groups from which to choose — either the local craftspeople or the imported talent of European sculptors.
The eighteenth century was not one in which powered sculptural conceptions were developed.
Add to this the timidity with which unschooled artisans — originally trained as stonemasons, carpenters, or cabinetmakers — attacked the medium from which they sculpture made in the United States in the late eighteenth century.
托福閱讀題目：
1. What is the main idea of the passage ?
(A) There was great demand for the work of eighteenth-century artisans.
(B) Skilled sculptors did not exist in the United States in the 1770's.
(C) Many foreign sculptors worked in the United States after 1776.
(D)American sculptors were hampered by a lack of tools and materials.
2. The word "motifs" in line 3 is closest in meaning to
(A) tools
(B) prints
(C) signatures
(D) designs
3. The work of which of the following could be seen in burial grounds?
(A) European sculptors
(B) Carpenters
(C) Stone carves
(D) Cabinetmakers
4. The word "others" in line 6 refers to
(A) craftspeople
(B) decorations
(C) ornamentations
(D) shop signs
5. The word "distinct" in line 9 is closest in meaning to
(A) separate
(B) assembled
(C) notable
(D) inferior
6. The word "rare" in line 11 is closest in meaning to
(A) festive
(B) infrequent
(C) delightful
(D) unexpected
7. Why does the author mention Joseph Wilton in line 13?
(A) He was an English sculptor who did work in the United States.
(B) He was well known for his wood carvings
(C) He produced sculpture for churches.
(D) He settled in the United States in 1776.
8. What can be inferred about the importation of marble memorials from England?
(A) Such sculpture was less expensive to produce locally than to import
(B) Such sculpture was not available in the United States.
(C) Such sculpture was as prestigious as those made locally.
(D) The materials found abroad were superior.
9. How did the work of American carvers in 1776 differ from that of contemporary sculptors?
(A) It was less time-consuming
(B) It was more dangerous.
(C) It was more expensive.
(D) It was less refined.
托福閱讀答案：
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托福閱讀真題練習：烤箱由來
托福閱讀文本：
In seventeenth-century colonial North America, all day-to-day cooking was done in the fireplace. Generally large, fireplaces were planned for cooking as well as for warmth. Those in the Northeast were usually four or five feet high, and in the South, they were often high enough for a person to walk into. A heavy timber called the mantel tree was used as a lintel to support the stonework above the fireplace opening. This timber might be scorched occasionally, but it was far enough in front of the rising column of heat to be safe from catching fire.
Two ledges were built across from each other on the inside of the chimney. On these rested the ends of a "lug pole" from which pots were suspended when cooking. Wood from a freshly cut tree was used for the lug pole, so it would resist heat, but it had to be replaced frequently because it dried out and charred, and was thus weakened. Sometimes the pole broke and the dinner fell into the fire. When iron became easier to obtain, it was used instead of wood for lug poles, and later fireplaces had pivoting metal rods to hang pots from.
Beside the fireplace and built as part of it was the oven. It was made like a small, secondary fireplace with a flue leading into the main chimney to draw out smoke. Sometimes the door of the oven faced the room, but most ovens were built with the opening facing into the fireplace. On baking days (usually once or twice a week) a roaring fire of "oven wood," consisting of brown maple sticks, was maintained in the oven until its walls were extremely hot. The embers were later removed, bread dough was put into the oven, and the oven was sealed shut until the bread was fully baked.
Not all baking was done in a big oven, however. Also used was an iron "bake kettle," which looked like a stewpot on legs and which had an iron lid. This is said to have worked well when it was placed in the fireplace, surrounded by glowing wood embers, with more embers piled on its lid.
托福閱讀題目：
1. Which of the following aspects of domestic life in colonial North America does the passage
mainly discuss?
(A) methods of baking bread
(B) fireplace cooking
(C) the use of iron kettles in a typical kitchen
(D) the types of wood used in preparing meals
2. The author mentions the fireplaces built in the South to illustrate
(A) how the materials used were similar to the materials used in northeastern fireplaces
(B) that they served diverse functions
(C) that they were usually larger than northeastern fireplaces
(D) how they were safer than northeastern fireplaces
3. The word "scorched" in line 6 is closest in meaning to
(A) burned
(B) cut
(C) enlarged
(D) bent
4. The word "it" in line 6 refers to
(A) the stonework
(B) the fireplace opening
(C) the mantel tree
(D) the rising column of heat
5.According to the passage , how was food usually cooked in a pot in the seventeenth century?
(A) By placing the pot directly into the fire
(B) By putting the pot in the oven
(C) By filling the pot with hot water
(D) By hanging the pot on a pole over the fire
6. The word "obtain" in line 12 is closest in meaning to
(A) maintain
(B) reinforce
(C) manufacture
(D) acquire
7. Which of the following is mentioned in paragraph 2 as a disadvantage of using a wooden lug
pole?
(A) It was made of wood not readily available.
(B) It was difficult to move or rotate.
(C) It occasionally broke.
(D) It became too hot to touch.
8. It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that, compared to other firewood, "oven wood" produced
(A) less smoke
(B) more heat
(C) fewer embers
(D) lower flames
9.According to paragraph 3, all of the following were true of a colonial oven EXCEPT:
(A) It was used to heat the kitchen every day.
(B) It was built as part of the main fireplace.
(C) The smoke it generated went out through the main chimney.
(D) It was heated with maple sticks.
10.According to the passage , which of the following was an advantage of a "bake kettle"?
(A) It did not take up a lot of space in the fireplace.
(B) It did not need to be tightly closed.
(C) It could be used in addition to or instead of the oven.
(D) It could be used to cook several foods at one time.
托福閱讀答案：
BCACD DCBAA
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