英語聽寫的準(zhǔn)確率
聽寫是一項(xiàng)復(fù)雜的腦手相結(jié)合的活動。它不僅需要用耳朵去辨別聲音信息,而且要求對經(jīng)過耳雜輸入大腦的信號進(jìn)行處理,再通過手迅速準(zhǔn)確地記錄下來。接下來,小編給大家準(zhǔn)備了英語聽寫的準(zhǔn)確率,歡迎大家參考與借鑒。
英語聽寫的準(zhǔn)確率
實(shí)踐證明,這是一項(xiàng)培養(yǎng)和測試學(xué)生語言能力的重要方法。專家證實(shí),在短時間內(nèi);要測驗(yàn)出一個人的英語水平,聽寫和做綜合填充題就很好。為避免多項(xiàng)選擇的偏差,近年來四、六級統(tǒng)考以及全國高等教育自學(xué)考試的英語聽力科目都增加了聽寫試題。其中四、六級聽寫占聽力總分的50%(10分);自考聽寫占總分的30%(30分)。由此可見聽寫的重要性。
(1)聽寫測試的形式
聽寫的測試方法有多種,較常見的有以下幾種:第一種是單純的單句、段落或短文聽寫(Dictation),一般播放三遍,第一遍為正常語速;第二遍稍慢(有時還在每句間留出一定時間供記錄);第三遍為正常語速。此種為自考所采用。第二種是傳統(tǒng)式聽寫填空(Spot Dictation)。它給出一篇100~200字短文,短文按一定規(guī)律(每隔7個單詞)留出空白,要求學(xué)生根據(jù)錄音填空,每空一詞。此種多出現(xiàn)在聽力教程和小型測試中。第三種和第四種為近幾年四、六級統(tǒng)考中使用的兩種新題型,即Spot Dictation和Compound Dictation。前者雖然也叫Spot Dictation,但實(shí)際的測試形式已有所變化。試題冊上給出一篇不完整(約10處空)約120字的短文,要求考生根據(jù)錄音在空格處填入一個句子(一般在15個詞以下)或者填入句子的一個部分(幾個詞或一個詞組),共約50個詞。所填入的內(nèi)容往往是關(guān)鍵詞或與中心思想相關(guān)的內(nèi)容。全文以“大綱”規(guī)定的語速朗讀三遍,第一遍沒有停頓,供考生聽懂全文大意;第二遍在空格后有停頓(約7秒),要求考生把聽到的內(nèi)容填人空格;第三遍與第一遍一樣,沒有停頓,供考生進(jìn)行核對。
與傳統(tǒng)聽寫填空的不同之處在于:
①空格位置沒有規(guī)律。
?、谔畛鋬?nèi)容由原來的一個詞增加到若干個(平均每空5個詞),乃至填寫句子。因此,在難度上比傳統(tǒng)式填空有所增加。下面是一篇Spot Dictation的樣題。
Believe it or not, 43 000 000 Americans are gardening. That’s about one in six. Gardeners, of course, come in many varieties. Not surprisingly, most of them are people who live in the suburbs, and enjoy planting flowers, or maybe a small vegetable garden.
The average age of gardeners in America is about 45 years old; they usually fall somewhere in the middle class. But the fastest growing groups are city dwellers. Urban residents are finding ways of gardening even in their crowded areas. Many go to large public gardens, as a place designed by the city for garden, and you can actually ranch your own plot.
Still other people use their balconies or roof tops, wherever they can find the space to plant small patches of green.
我們再來看Compound Dictation(復(fù)合式聽寫)。它包括兩部分:第一部分要求考生根據(jù)錄音內(nèi)容準(zhǔn)確填出空格里的詞匯,一般為一個單詞,全段共填8-10個單詞;第二部分要求考生聽完后寫出該部分的文章重點(diǎn)(main points);
復(fù)合式聽寫的全文內(nèi)容約250字,共朗讀三遍。第一遍為全文朗讀,語速正常,中間無停頓;第二遍朗讀時在文章第一部分每個空格后略有停頓,供考生填寫所缺單詞;在文章第二部分念完后有約5分鐘時間,讓考生根據(jù)所聽內(nèi)容寫出主要意思;第三遍又以正常語速朗讀全文,沒有停頓。此類題旨在考核學(xué)生的聽、記能力和書面表達(dá)能力。有一點(diǎn)需要提醒大家的是,導(dǎo)言中特別要求考生:“After listening to the second part of the passage, you are required to write down the main points according to what you have heard'’,也就是說你不能照錄音原文做記錄,而應(yīng)在聽懂全文后進(jìn)行歸納,并用自己的話簡煉地將要點(diǎn)表達(dá)出來。
以下是一篇Compound Dictation的第二部分,劃線部分為所缺內(nèi)容,要求考生根據(jù)這部分內(nèi)容,歸納出要點(diǎn)。
In general, when moving about a city at night, it is wise to keep to the more traveled and better lighted streets. If you must travel through areas of a city that are considered dangerous or deserted, you should go by bus or taxi rather than on foot.Avoid parks after dark since they too are likely to be deserted.
Some cities have special telephone numbers to report a fire or call the police. You will find these listed in the front of the telephone book and on public telephones. If the number is not posted, you can reach the police or fire department by calling the operator on the telephone.If you have an automobile accident, you should call the police and wait until they arrive.
應(yīng)寫的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn):
?、貯.You shoul go to a dangerous part of a city by bus or taxi instead of going on foot.
B.Don’t go through parks after dark.
②A.Try to have some important telephone numbers in case of danger.
B.The other way to get through to the police is to call the operator on the phone.
但也有一種復(fù)合式聽寫是要求考生根據(jù)錄音寫出7個單詞和三個完整句子,由于句子不算太復(fù)雜,也允許考生根據(jù)原文聽寫記錄。
英語聽寫的準(zhǔn)確率
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