大學英語六級長對話聽力得分技巧分享
對于大學英語六級的考試,我相信很多同學對于長對話都是又怕又討厭的,但沒辦法,有時候既然我們繞不過它,那我們就打敗它。今天小編為同學們帶來關于六級長對話的聽力技巧,希望可以幫助到同學們。
長對話
本部分共包含兩篇對話,每篇對話的長度在250~300詞之間,對話后有8道多項選擇題,要求考生在聽到問題后從所給的四個選項中選出一個最佳答案。從題型上看,每篇對話中可能有一個考查對話主題的試題,其余為具體細節(jié)的試題,并且問題和選項大部分都經過同義轉述,即沒有直接使用原對話中的句子,因此這部分試題有一定的難度。從內容上看,一般涉及社會生活、校園生活、工作商務等方面,對話中的語言有些具有專業(yè)性,不是普通的口語詞匯。
3大??紙鼍?/h2> 1. 社會生活
社會生活類題材一般是圍繞某個與社會生活有關的話題來展開,一般涉及的情景包括購物、休閑、家庭生活、時尚和社會熱點等。
2. 校園生活
校園生活指發(fā)生在校園內的一些話題,題材與學生的學習和生活密切相關。它涉及專業(yè)的選擇、課程與教學情況、宿舍的管理、作業(yè)或論文、假期安排、學生中普遍存在的現(xiàn)象、師生對話或是學習中出現(xiàn)的問題等內容。
3. 工作商務
工作商務類題材主要涉及求職招聘、面試以及工作安排變更或工作中出現(xiàn)的問題等內容。而一般在聽力考試中工作商務類題材的情景設置多以招聘、面試、工作安排、工作交流以及商務談判為主。
5大設題點
開頭處設題
如果將長對話比作一場戰(zhàn)爭,那么開頭處歷來是兵家必爭之地。并且長對話開頭部分一般會涉及談話主題。
例1: What is the woman doing?
A) Having her bicycle repaired. C) Lecturing on business management.
B) Conducting a market survey. D) Hosting an evening TV program.
原文: W: Good evening, and welcome to this week’s Business World, the program for and about business people. Tonight, we have Mr. Steven Kayne, who has just taken over and established a bicycle shop. Tell us, Mr. Kayne, what made you want to run your own store?
答案: D)。對話開始,女士說歡迎大家來到本周的“商業(yè)世界”,并介紹說這是一個面向商業(yè)人士的節(jié)目。由此可知,女士在主持節(jié)目,故答案為D)。
干擾信息處設題
這種出題思路不難理解,長對話內容多,信息量大,每一個細節(jié)都可能成為出題的地方。這類題目的四個選項如果不仔細區(qū)分很容易混淆。因此解答這類題目時,要充分預覽所給選項,并在聽音時適當做筆記。
例2: What does the woman say about the steel-related manufacturing in the region?
A) It has gradually given way to service industry.
B) It remains a major part of industrial activity.
C) It accounts for 80 percent of the region’s GDP.
D) It has a history as long as paper processing.
原文:W: Well, the main activities in the region were historically steel and paper processing, I think.
M: Yes, but I’m not quite sure about the status of those industries now. Could you tell us something about that?
W: Yes, of course. In fact, they are less significant. But steel-related manufacturing still accounts for 44% of industrial activity, so it’s still very important. In fact, 80% of Spain’s machine tools are from the Basque Country. As for paper processing, there’s still a little. But it’s no longer what it once was in the region. So, is that clear?
M: Yes, thanks.
答案: B)。對話中女士在介紹本地區(qū)與鋼鐵相關的制造業(yè)時提到,這一產業(yè)現(xiàn)在占工業(yè)活動的44%,雖然地位有所下降,但仍然非常重要,換句話說,它仍然是該地區(qū)工業(yè)活動的重要組成部分,故答案為B)。
信息集中處設題
談話雙方交談最熱烈的地方往往也是設題的熱點所在,并且因為其信息較集中,往往會多次設題。因此就要注意,除做好聽音前的預覽選項、聽音時的適當筆記外,還需要對整個對話內容有較好的把握,在細節(jié)信息集中的地方認真聆聽。
例3: What does the man say about an element of stress in his job?
A) It is something inevitable. C) It takes patience to manage.
B) It is frustrating sometimes. D) It can be a good thing.
原文: W: Would you consider changing your job because of the high-stress factor?
M: I have considered leaving my job due to stress-related factors. However, I do think that an element of stress is a good thing, and if used in the right way, it can actually be a positive thing.
答案: D)。問題中的關鍵信息提示詞是 element of stress,男士說他覺得壓力的確很大,甚至想過不干了,但他同時認為有壓力是個好事情,如果能夠正確對待壓力,把壓力處理好,還可以對工作有積極的作用。因此,D)為答案。
對整個對話的理解設題
主要考查對長對話的整體理解。通常提問談話人主要交談了什么內容,或某一方的觀點、態(tài)度或行動。這類題解題的根據(jù)主要有四點:一是根據(jù)對話的開頭判斷該對話的主要內容;二是根據(jù)對話的結尾判斷對話的主題;三是根據(jù)對話中多次出現(xiàn)的主要信息做合理的判斷;四是通過預覽選項進行合理的推理排除。
例4: What problem are the speakers discussing?
A) The man has sent the order to the woman by mistake.
B) Some of the telephone systems don’t work properly.
C) Some of the packs do not contain any manuals.
D) The quality of the goods is not up to the standard.
原文: W: What can I do for you?
M: Well, unfortunately, there is a problem with the order we received from you yesterday. It seems we’ve not received the right quantity of manuals to support the telephone system.
W: Oh, dear, that’s bad news. I’m very sorry to hear that, and you don’t know how many packs are without manuals?
M: No, because we haven’t opened every pack. But in several of those that have been opened there are none. No manuals.
答案: C)。本題的關鍵詞是 manual,出現(xiàn)的問題并非在于產品的質量,而是缺少使用手冊,故C)為答案。
時間數(shù)字處設題
對話中出現(xiàn)年代、時間、價格等數(shù)字信息的地方,也經常是長對話設題的重點。但要注意,一般都是考查與數(shù)字相關的細節(jié)信息,而單純考查數(shù)字的題目并不常見。
例5: What does the woman say about her evening class?
A) It is scheduled on Thursday night. C) It takes place once a week.
B) It is supposed to last nine weeks. D) It usually starts at six.
原文: M: Can I ask you about your evening class? What class do you go to?
W: Car maintenance.
M: What night of the week is it on?
W: Wednesday night.
M: And how long does it last?
W: Well, it’s supposed to start at 6:00, but that’s a bit of problem because people have difficulty getting through the traffic. So we start at 6:30 and then it goes on until 9 o’clock.
答案: C)。男士希望了解女士夜校課程的一些情況,在了解到女士所學內容為汽車保養(yǎng)后,男士問到上課時間,女士說是周三晚上。由此可知,女士所選的課程一周只上一次,故答案為C)。
4大高分技巧
多練、勤練
想要考好聽力測試一定要有些聽力基礎才行,因此考生平時需要多加練習。熟能生巧是亙古不變的真理。
注意總結場景詞匯
聽力考試的材料一般是現(xiàn)實生活中的場景再現(xiàn)。因此考生在做完一篇聽力對話的試題后,一定要總結一下場景詞匯,善于積累,培養(yǎng)語感,以后再遇到這類場景,就有了詞匯基礎和知識背景,聽起來就會輕松很多。另外,若發(fā)現(xiàn)同一場景下的新詞匯,還可以添加到詞匯記錄中去。經過一定量的練習,大家會發(fā)現(xiàn)有些場景是經常出現(xiàn)的。
以下是幾種場景中常見的商業(yè)詞匯:
市場營銷: business competition, competitor, advertise, advertisement, newspaper, TV commercials, business strategy, proposal, marketing, keep ahead of, aggressive
生產成本管理: lower the cost of production, worth, benefits, the expense of modernization, investments, repair, up-to-date, install, equipment, factory, finance, draw up a budget, afford
人力資源管理: personnel manager, employ, employee, staff, retrain, promote, engineer
聽前瀏覽選項,進行合理預測
養(yǎng)成利用播放答題指示語的時間快速瀏覽選項的習慣,這樣做有兩個作用:一是可以帶著問題去聽錄音,增強聽音的目的性和對相關信息的敏感度;二是可以利用相關場景詞匯來推測對話的內容。如果熟悉類似于上面的場景詞匯,我們就能較輕松地解答有關對話主題的試題。
例6: A) He is the chief designer of the latest bike model.
B) He has completed an overseas market survey.
C) He is the Managing Director of Jayal Motors.
D) He has just come back from a trip to Africa.
預覽四個選項可知,均是以He開頭,由此可推斷,此題考查對某位男士的描述,因此聽音過程中應注意對話中與He有關的描述,He可能指男士說話者或對話中提到的其他男士。再結合選項中出現(xiàn)的designer, model, market, Director等詞可以推測,對話內容與商業(yè)貿易有關,可能涉及設計產品模型、投放市場等方面。
原文: M: Well, my father-in-law, who is also the Managing Director of Jayal Motors, has given me two weeks to prepare a report on the possibility of moving into the export market.
Q: What do we learn about the man’s father-in-law?
答案: C)。根據(jù)題干可知,選項中的He指代男士的岳父,男士明確提到他的岳父是Jayal Motors的總經理,故答案為C)。
利用一些常識和潛在規(guī)律來猜題
我們在應考時要想方設法多答對試題,對于那些在考場上無法完全聽懂對話內容的考生,以下這些常識和潛在規(guī)律就比較有用。其實,所謂的潛在規(guī)律就是那些由應試高手總結的、未必科學卻很實用的答題方法。
(1) 符合生活常識和積極向上的選項可能是答案。
因為我們社會的主流是積極向上的,大學生是社會的未來和希望,理應受到正面和積極的教育。
例7: A) The personnel manager should be fired for inefficiency.
B) A few engineers should be employed to modernize the factory.
C) The entire staff should be retrained.
D) Better-educated employees should be promoted.
我們可以進行如下分析:A)不太可能是答案,因為開除一個人事經理不是一件積極的事情;B)有可能是答案,使工廠更現(xiàn)代化符合積極的原則,因為工廠現(xiàn)代化可以提高生產能力;C)符合積極向上的原則,但是和生活常識不太相符,因為讓所有的員工都接受再培訓似乎不太可能;D)不太可能是答案,因為它不符合常識,按照常理,在工作中表現(xiàn)好、有能力的人才應該被提拔,而不是受到較好教育的員工應該被提拔。因此,B)最有可能是答案。
(2) 對于涉及對話主題的試題,概括性強的選項可能是答案。
例8: A) The benefits of strong business competition.
B) A proposal to lower the cost of production.
C) Complaints about the expense of modernization.
D) Suggestions concerning new business strategies.
本題的提問涉及對話的主題,所以我們就應找概括性強的選項,B)是概括性最不強的一個,可以首先將其排除;根據(jù)常識我們知道激烈的市場競爭對企業(yè)來說一般沒有多少益處,所以排除A);再根據(jù)積極向上原則,抱怨的內容不大可能是答案,所以C)也不大可能是答案。因此D)最有可能是答案。