代詞語法講解：不定代詞

　　不是指明代替任何特定名詞的代詞叫做不定代詞，在句中可作主語、表

　　語、賓語和定語。現(xiàn)將幾個(gè)常用的不定代詞舉例說明如下：

　　1)some與any的區(qū)別

　?、賡ome多用于肯定句，表示“一些，幾個(gè)”作形容詞時(shí)，后面可以接①不可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)動(dòng)詞;②可數(shù)名詞+復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。

　　Look! Some of the students are cleaning the library.

　　. Some rice in the bag has been sold out.

　　②any多用于疑問句、條件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容詞時(shí)，后面可以接①不可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)動(dòng)詞;②可數(shù)名詞+復(fù)數(shù)動(dòng)詞。

　　If you have any questions, please ask me.

　　There isn't any orange in the bottle.

　　Have you got any tea?

　　③any和some也可以作代詞用，表示“一些”。any多用于疑問句或否定句中，some多用于肯定句中。

　　How many people can you see in the picture?

　　I can't see any.

　　If you have no money, I'll lend you some.

　　注意：與some, any結(jié)合的詞如something, somebody, someone, anything, anyone, anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑問句、條件句中的用法，大致和some, any的用法相同。

　　2) few, a few, little, a little在用法上的區(qū)別

　?、儆米餍稳菰~：

　　I'm going to buy a few apples.

　　He can speak only a little Chinese.

　　There is only a little milk in the glass.

　　He has few friends.

　　They had little money with them.

　?、赼 little和little也可以用作副詞，a little表示“有點(diǎn)，稍微”，little表示“很少”。

　　I'm a little hungry. (修飾形容詞hungry)

　　Let him sleep a little. (修飾動(dòng)詞sleep)

　　Mary, go a little faster, please. (修飾副詞比較級(jí))

　　She slept very little last night.

　　3)other, the other, another, others, the others的區(qū)別。

　?、賝ther可以作形容詞用，后面可以跟單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)名詞，意思是“其他的、別

　　的”。

　　Where are his other books?

　　I haven't any other books except this one.

　　②other也可以用作代詞，與冠詞the連用構(gòu)成“the other”，表示兩個(gè)人或物中的“另一個(gè)”。常與one搭配構(gòu)成“one ..., the other ...”句型。

　　He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old.

　　She held a ruler in one hand and an exercise-book in the other.

　?、踥ther作代詞用時(shí)，可以有復(fù)數(shù)“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常與some搭配構(gòu)成“some ...., others ...”句型。

　　Some went to the cinema, others went swimming.

　　This coat is too large. Show me some others, please.

　　④“the others”表示特指某范圍內(nèi)的“其他的人或物”。

　　We got home by 4 o'clock, but the others didn't get back until 8 o'clock.

　　In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese.

　?、輆nother可以作形容詞用，修飾后面的名詞，意為“另一個(gè)”，還可以跟代詞one.

　　You can see another ship in the sea, can't you?

　　Mary doesn't want to buy this skirt. Would you please show her another one?

　?、轪nother也可以作代詞用，表示“另一個(gè)”。

　　I'm still hungry after I've had this cake. Please give me another.

　　4)every與each的區(qū)別。

　　The teacher gave a toy to each child.

　　Each ball has a different colour.

　　當(dāng)我們說each child, each student或each teacher時(shí)，我們想到的是一個(gè)人的情況。而當(dāng)我們說every child和every student時(shí)，我們想到的是全體的情況，every的意思與all接近，表示他們都如此。

　　Every student loves the English teacher. = All students love the English teacher.

　　Every child likes playing. = All children like playing.

　　5)all和both的用法。

　?、賏ll指三者以上，或不可數(shù)的東西。謂語動(dòng)詞既可以用單數(shù)，也可以用作復(fù)數(shù)。在句中作主語、表語、賓語、同位語和定語。

　　All of us like Mr Pope. 我們都喜歡Pope先生。(作主語)

　　= We all like Mr Pope. (作同位語)

　　All the water has been used up. (作主語)

　　That's all for today. (作表語)

　　Why not eat all (of) the fish? (作賓語)

　　All the leaders are here. (作定語)

　　②both作代詞。

　　a.與其他名詞或代詞并列出現(xiàn)，表示“兩個(gè)都”。

　　Lucy and Lily both agree with us.

　　They both passed on their sticks at the same time.

　　How are your parents? They're both fine.

　　b.與“of +代詞(或名詞)”連用，表示“兩者都”。

　　Both of them came to see Mary.

　　Both of the books are very interesting.

　　c.單獨(dú)使用，表示“兩者(都)”。

　　Michael has two sons. Both are clever.

　　I don't know which book is the better, I shall read both.

　?、踒oth用作形容詞，放在名詞之前，修飾該名詞，表示“兩者都”。

　　Both his younger sisters are our classmates.

　　. There are tall trees on both sides of the street.

　　代詞語法練習(xí)題

　　1. New English-Chinese Dictionary has been republished several times，_____ more up to date than the last edition.

　　A. any　　B. everyone　 C. either　　D. each

　　2. After paying 1，000 dollars_____ ，you'll all become full members of our club.

　　A. each　 B. all　　C. every　　D. both

　　3._____ was her cruelty that we all hated her.

　　A. It　　B. What　　C. That　　D. Such

　　4. Mary has been ill in bed for a week. I wonder if she is _____ better now.

　　A. much　 B. some　　C. any　　D. very

　　5. -Which of these two ties will you take?　 -I don't like these. Do you have any_____ ?

　　A. one　　B. other　　C. ones　　D. others

　　6. I' d rather ride a bike as bike riding has _____ of the trouble of taking buses.

　　A. much　 B. all　　C. neither　 D. none

　　7. I need some blue ink today but there is _____ at hand.

　　A. not　　B. nothing　 C. a little　 D. none

　　8. I found the very watch of mine _____ I had left _____ .

　　A. where， it　 B. that， it　　C. which， one　 D. where， one

　　9. I haven't got time to get the tickets. Who's going to ____?

　　A. do so　 B. do it　　C. buy it　　D. do them

　　10. -Jack certainly has a high opinion of Susan.　　 It can't be better than _____of him.

　　A. hers　　B. she　　C. that　　D. her

　　11. -Shall we introduce ____ fire-fighting equipment from abroad?　 -Go ahead， if necessary.

　　A. other　 B. a few more　C. another　 D. some other

　　12. -How about the price of these refrigerators?　 -They are equal in price to， if not cheaper than，_____ at the other stores.

　　A. others　 B. it　　C. that　　D. the ones

　　13. -I dislike _____ when others laugh at me in public or speak ill of me behind.　 -So do I.

　　A. them　 B. those　　C. it　　D. that

　　14. -Which do you prefer， classical music or pop music?　　-_____. I prefer folk music.

　　A. Either　 B. Both　　C. None　　D. Neither

　　15. Why don' t you trust and use old Tom? He is still as strong as _____ in the team.

　　A. nobody　 B. anybody else　C. everybody　 D. somebody else

　　16. -Are the new methods taking any effect?　-Yes，_____ articles are stolen from our supermarket.

　　A. few　　B. more　　C. some　　D. none

　　17. During the meeting a young man cried out suddenly and threw his notebook at the chairman，_____ brought the room to disorder.

　　A. it　　B. and which　 C. and that　 D. this

　　18. I've just seen no more than one copy of Gone with the Wind in the bookshop opposite. Tom， go and buy_____ back.

　　A. one　　B. any　　C. it　　D. some

　　19. -Do you have _____ at home now?　 -No， we still have to get scores of eggs and some vegetables.

　　A. nothing　　B. everything　 C. anything　　D. something

　　20. Nancy is expecting another baby and hopes _____ will be a boy.

　　A. he　　 B. that　　 C. it　　 D. there

　　21. Surely it's _____ with the big nose you mean， not ____!

　　A. he， I　　 B. him， me　　C. him， I　　D. he， me

　　22. The temperature can fall to -30℃. _____ is，30°C below freezing point.

　　A. Which　　B. It　　 C. That　　 D. This

　　23. -The exam was easy， wasn't it?　　-Yes， but I don' t think _____ could pass it.

　　A. somebody　 B. everybody　 C. anybody　　D. nobody

　　24. Cut the apple into halves so that the twins may each get _____ half.

　　A. every　　B. each　　 C. another　　D. either

　　25. _____ of us can do everything， but all of us can do _____ .

　　A. None， something　 B. Some， everything　C. Few， something　 D. Few， nothing

　　26. -May I help you with some gloves， sir?　 -Yes， I'd like to try those blue ____.

　　A. one　　 B. ones　　 C. pair　　 D. two

　　27. Of all my friends _____ will be able to persuade Tom to change his mind. He is so firm upon it.

　　A. none　　B. nobody　　C. neither　　D. no one

　　28. -Is he content to accept our offered price?

　　-Yes. He cares more about the quality. Money is _____ to him.

　　A. everything　 B. anything　　C. nothing　　D. something

　　29. I have no idea which was better， so I took ____ of them.

　　A. both　　B. none　　 C. all　　 D. any

　　30. You mustn't always do _____ as he asks you to do. He may be wrong sometimes.

　　A. anything　　B. something　　C. nothing　　D. everything

　　參考答案：

　　1. D 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. A 11. D 12. D 13. C 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. C 18. C 19. B 20. C21. B 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. D

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