賓語從句的用法及練習題
賓語從句是名詞性從句的一種。在主從復合句中充當賓語,位于及物動詞、介詞或復合謂語之后的從句稱為賓語從句。賓語從句分為三類:動詞的賓語從句,介詞的賓語從句和形容詞的賓語從句。那么你知道賓語從句的用法嗎?下面跟著學習啦小編一起來學習一下,希望對大家的學習有所幫助!
一、賓語從句的用法
在復合句中作主句的賓語,引導詞有:
連詞:that (that ??墒÷?,whether, if
代詞:who, whose, what ,which
副詞:when ,where, how, why 等。
(一)that引導的賓語從句(在非正式場合that可以省略)
可跟that從句做賓語的動詞有:
say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, suppose, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等。
例句:The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets.
注意事項:當主句謂語動詞是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等詞,而賓語從句的意思是否定時,常把否定轉(zhuǎn)移至主句表示。
例句:I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.
在以下情況中that不能省略
當句中的動詞后接多于兩個由that引導的賓語從句時,第一個that可省,但后面的that不可省。
例句:He said (that) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you.
當主句的謂語動詞與that賓語從句之間有插入語時,that一般不可省。
例句:Just then I noticed, for the first time, that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap.
當that從句是雙賓語中的直接賓語時,that不可省。
例句:I can’t tell him that his mother died.
注意事項:許多帶復合賓語的句子,that引導的賓語從句經(jīng)常移到句子后部,而用it作形式賓語。
例句:I find it necessary that we should do the homework on time.
(二)由whether,if 引導的賓語從句
由whether(if)引導的賓語從句,實際上是一般疑問句演變而來的。意思是“是否”。賓語從句要用陳述句語序。一般說來,在賓語從句中whether與if可以互換使用,但在特殊情況下if與whether是不能互換的。
例句:I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party.
只能用whether,不能用if引導的賓語從句
在帶to的不定式前
例句:We decided whether to walk there.
在介詞的后面
例句:I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.
在動詞后面的賓語從句時
例句:We discussed whether we had a sports meeting next week
直接與or not連用時
例句:I can’t say whether or not thet can come on time.
只能用if不能用whether引導的賓語從句
if引導條件狀語從句,意為“如果”
例句:The students will go on a picnic if it is sunny.
if引導否定概念的賓語從句時
例句:He asked if I didn’t come to school yesterday.
引導狀語從句even if(即使)和as if(好象)時
例句:He talks as if he has known all about it.
(三)連接代詞和連接副詞引導的賓語從句
這樣的賓語從句實際上是由特殊疑問句變化而來的,賓語從句要用陳述句語序。用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞常常是:see, say, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, show, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, discover, understand, inform, advise等。
英語中的連接代詞有:who,whom,whose,which,what,在句中擔任主語、賓語、定語或者表語。
例句:Can you tell me whom you are waiting for?
英語中的連接副詞有:when,where,why,how,在句中擔任狀語的成分。
例句:None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
二、練習題
( ) 1. What did Mike say? He said ____________________.
A. if you are free the next week B. what colour was itC. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring
( ) 2. Tom asked my friend ________________.
A. where was he from B. that the earth is bigger than the moonC. when did he come back D. not to be so angry
( ) 3. Let me tell you __________________.
A. how much is the car B. how much does the car cost C. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car
( ) 4. Peter knew_______.A. whether he has finished reading the book B. why the boy had so many questions
C. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for Paris
( )5. Could you tell me ___________?
A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in
( )6. I can't understand ____the boy alone. A. why she left B. why did she leave C. why she had leftD. why had she left
( )7. She told me the sun ______ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen
( )8.I don't know ________ up so early last Sunday.A. why did he get B.why he gets C.why does he get D. why he got
( )9. The manager came up to see _________
A. what was the matter B. what the matter was C. what the matter is D. what's the matter
( )10. He asked his father ___. A. where it happens B. where did it happen C. how it happened D. how did it happen
( )11. No one tells us______, so we need your help.
A. how we should do B. what should we do C. how to do it D. what to do it
( )12. Could you please teach me _______ the computer.
A. how check B. to check C. how to check D. to how checking
( )13.They don't know _______their parents are. A that B what C why D which
( )14. ─Where do you think ______ he _____ the TV set? ─ Sorry, I've no idea.
A./, bought B. has, bought C. did, buy D. did bought
( ) 15. Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _____ it would be like in _____ five years.
A. how, another B. what, more C. how ,other D. what, another