八年級(jí)下冊英語語法
升到八年級(jí)時(shí),老師每個(gè)單元都會(huì)進(jìn)行語法的解析和總結(jié)。下面是學(xué)習(xí)啦小編給大家整理的八年級(jí)下冊英語語法的相關(guān)知識(shí),供大家參閱!
八年級(jí)下冊英語語法:一般將來時(shí)
1. 表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。本時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志詞:
?、?含 tomorrow; next 短語;② in + 段時(shí)間 ;③ how soon;
④ by + 將來時(shí)間;⑤ by the time sb. do …;⑥ 祈使句句型中:or/
and sb. will do;
?、?在時(shí)間/條件狀語從句中,如果從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主句用將來時(shí);⑧ another day 比較 be going to 與 will:
be going to 表示近期、眼下就要發(fā)生的事情,will 表示的將來時(shí)間則較遠(yuǎn)一些。 如:He is going to write a letter tonight. He will
write a book one day.
2. be going to 表示根據(jù)主觀判斷將來肯定發(fā)生的事情,will
表示客觀上將來勢必發(fā)生的事情。
He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He
will be twenty years old.
3. be going to 含有“計(jì)劃,準(zhǔn)備”的意思,而 will 則沒有這個(gè)意思,如:
She is going to lend us her book. He will be
here in half an hour.
4. 在有條件從句的主句中,一般不用 be going to, 而多用 will。如:
If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you.
掌握了它們的這些不同,你就能很好的區(qū)分 be going to 與 will 了。
一般將來時(shí)常見的標(biāo)志詞
?、?含 tomorrow; next 短語; ② in + 段時(shí)間 ;
?、?how soon; ④ by + 將來時(shí)間;
5. 祈使句句型中:or/ and sb. will do
例:Be quick, or you will be late = If you don't be quick, you will be late
6. 在時(shí)間/條件狀語從句中,如果從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主句用將來時(shí)
八年級(jí)下冊英語語法:過去進(jìn)行時(shí)
句型 S + was/ were + V-ing …
例1:She was doing her homework at 8:30 yesterday
evening 昨天傍晚八點(diǎn)半她正在做家庭作業(yè)。
例2:We were having supper at that time 那個(gè)時(shí)候我們正在吃晚飯
解說:如例1所示,在單句中使用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)來表達(dá)時(shí)必須把該動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行中的時(shí)間表明清楚,否則就不合邏輯了。例如:I
was taking a bath yesterday. (錯(cuò))
(昨天我正在洗澡——昨天24小時(shí)都正在洗澡嗎?)
所以本句應(yīng)該如例1來表達(dá),或者用一般過去時(shí)表達(dá)如下:
I took a bath yesterday. 昨天我洗了澡
如果由上下文的文意,或者對(duì)談中的話意可以了解“動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行中的時(shí)間”,單句里就使用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)來表達(dá)是很普通的,例如:
A:I called you up yesterday evening.
B:Did you? At what time?
A:At around ten o'clock. 大約在十點(diǎn)鐘。
B:Oh, I was taking a bath then. 哦,當(dāng)時(shí)我正在洗澡。
過去進(jìn)行時(shí)在表達(dá)上常用的句式是如例2所示和另一個(gè)一般過去時(shí)的動(dòng)作相搭配。請觀察下面的圖解說明: 過去有二動(dòng)作A和B(如圖示),在B動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)稍早發(fā)生的A動(dòng)作正好在進(jìn)行中,所以這種表達(dá)法通常都是復(fù)句(主句
+ 副詞從句)。例如:
When I got up this morning, Mother was
preparing breakfast in the kitchen.
(今天早上我起床時(shí)媽媽正在廚房里準(zhǔn)備早餐。“Mother ….”是主句,“when …,”是副詞從句。)
常用于修飾過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間副詞:過去的某一定點(diǎn)時(shí)刻(at + 過去的時(shí)刻),then (=
at that time) (那時(shí),當(dāng)時(shí)),all + 時(shí)間,“When …/ While …/
As …”等副詞從句,etc
八年級(jí)下冊英語語法:疑問句的間接引語
直接引語如果是疑問句,變成間接引語后,叫做間接疑問句。間接疑問句為陳述語序,句末用句號(hào),動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)等的變化與間接陳述句相同。引述動(dòng)詞常用
ask, wonder, want to know 等間接疑問句一般有三種:
(1) 一般疑問句由直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí), 由 whether 或 if 引導(dǎo)。 如: “Has he ever worked in Shanghai?”Jim
asked.“他在上海工作過嗎?”吉姆問。
→Jim asked whether/ if he had ever worked in
Shanghai. 吉姆問他是否在上海工作過。
“Can you tell me the way to the hospital?”The
old man asked.
那個(gè)老人問:"你能告訴我去醫(yī)院的路嗎?
→The old man asked whether I could tell him the
way to the hospital.
那老人問我是否能告訴他去醫(yī)院路。
(2) 特殊疑問句由直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí),仍由原來的疑問詞引導(dǎo)。 如: “Which room do you live in?”He asked.
“你住哪個(gè)房間?”他問我。
→He asked me which room I lived in. 他問我住哪個(gè)房間。
“What do you think of the film?”She asked.
她問:“你怎么看這部電影?”
→She asked her friend what she thought of the
film. 她問她朋友怎么看這部電影。
(3) 選擇疑問句由直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí),由 whether/ if … or 引導(dǎo)。 如: “Is it your bike or Tom's?”Mum asked.
媽媽問:“這是你的自行車還是湯姆的?”
→Mum asked whether/if it was my bike or Tom's.
媽媽問這是我的自行車還是湯姆的。
“Does your sister like blue dresses or green
ones?”Kate asked.
“你妹妹喜歡蘭色的裙子還是綠色的?”凱特問。
→Kate asked whether/if my sister liked blue
dresses or green ones.
凱特問我妹妹喜歡蘭色裙子還是綠色的。
3. 祈使句的間接引語當(dāng)祈使句變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí),間接祈使句的引述動(dòng)詞常用 tell, ask, order, beg, request, order 等,而把直接祈使句變成帶to的不定式短語。如: Jack said,“Please come to my house tomorrow,
Mary.”杰克說:“瑪麗,明天請到我家來。”
→Jack asked Mary to go to his house the next day.
杰克請瑪麗第二天到他家去。
The teacher said to the students,“Stop
talking.”老師對(duì)學(xué)生們說:“不要講話了。”
→The teacher told the students to stop talking.
老師讓學(xué)生們不要說話了。
“Don't touch anything.”He said. “不要碰任何東西。”他說。
→He told us not to touch anything. 他對(duì)我們說不要碰任何東西。
Unit 5 If you go to the party, you'll have a
great time!
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