not only...but also 的主要用法
not only...but also 的主要用法
not only...but also 是英語中常見的一對(duì)連詞, 相當(dāng)中文的“不僅……而且”。Not only…but also是英語中較為常見的一個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)詞組。由于它的用法比較復(fù)雜，本文擬對(duì)其用法及其使用中應(yīng)注意的問題作一歸納。
1.連接主語：
Not only I but also Tom and Mary are fond of watching television.
不僅我，而且湯姆和瑪麗都喜歡看電視。
2.連接謂語動(dòng)詞
The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs.英國人和美國人不但語言相同，而且有很多相同的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。
注意not only…but also連接的動(dòng)詞一般不重復(fù)，這與漢語不同。如漢語說“我不僅懂英語，而且懂俄語”，英語則說“I know not only English but also Russian”，而不說“I not only know English but also know Russian”.再如：“氣體不僅改變形狀，而且改變體積”，英譯為“A gas changes not only in shape but also in volume.”(注意介詞常重復(fù))
3.連接賓語：
The problem for the recipient was trying to guess not only who the sender was, but also what his secret feelings might be.收信人不僅要盡力猜出是誰的，還要推測寄信人內(nèi)心有什么想法。
4.連接賓語補(bǔ)足語：
Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active.淺色和鮮艷的顏色不但使人看了高興，也會(huì)使人更加活潑。
5.連接表語：
Shakespeare was not only a writer but (also) an actor 莎士比亞不僅是一位劇作家，而且是一位演員。
6.連接狀語：
If your friend reminds you kindly of your faults, take what he says not merely pleasantly but thank fully. 如果低你的朋友善意地指明出你的缺點(diǎn)，你不但要欣然接受，而且要心懷感激之情。
7.連接從句：
He didn’t let us off the hook until we had proved not only that we knew what an organism was but also that we had the fortitude to stand up for the truth. 直到我們證明了我們不僅知道什么是生物體，而且具有堅(jiān)持真理的不屈不撓精神時(shí)，他這才放過我們。
8.連接定語：
Man has become master not only of the sky but also of the space. 人類不但征服了天空，而且征服了太空。
9.連接句子：
I not only heard it, but (also) I saw it. 我不僅聽到、而且看到了它。 Not only…but also連接句子時(shí), not only 可以置于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào),這時(shí)第一分句要采用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：
Not only has he a first-class brain but also he is a tremendously hard worker. 他不僅有著頭等聰明的腦子，而且工作很能吃苦。
Not only had the poor man been arrested but he had been sent to prison as well. 這個(gè)可憐的人不僅被逮捕，而且被投進(jìn)監(jiān)獄。
Not only do the professors have their own ideas on the matter, but the students have theirs too.對(duì)這件事不僅教授們有自己的看法，學(xué)生們也有自己的想法。
10.用于 it is…that 強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)
It is not only the scientist and the physician who need a long special training now, but the computer expert, the accountant, and the business manager. 現(xiàn)在，不僅科學(xué)家和醫(yī)生需要長期的專門訓(xùn)練，計(jì)算機(jī)專家、會(huì)計(jì)師和企業(yè)經(jīng)理也需要這種訓(xùn)練。
It is not only what we do, but also what we do not do, for which we are accountable. 我們不但要對(duì)我們所做的事負(fù)責(zé)，而且要對(duì)我們沒有去做的事負(fù)責(zé)。