在英語里什么是過去式
過去式是英語語法的一種,表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。一般過去式的動(dòng)詞通常用動(dòng)詞的過去式形式來表示,而動(dòng)詞的過去式是在動(dòng)詞原形的基礎(chǔ)上變化的。動(dòng)詞的過去式可分為規(guī)則動(dòng)詞和不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。 用法
一般過去時(shí)的用法一.概念:一般過去時(shí)是表示在過去的時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),通常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。
二.時(shí)間狀語:yesterday,the day before yesterday,two days ago,long long ago,a minute ago,lastyear(week,month),just now,at that time,in those days.
三.過去時(shí)的用法:1.有確定的過去時(shí)間狀語時(shí)要用過去式。
例:We had a good time last week.
2.表示過去連續(xù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí),要用過去式。
例:The boy closed the door,turned off the window,and then went to bed.
?、?表示過去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)?;蚍磸?fù)的動(dòng)作,要用過去式。
例:She often came to help me at that time.
四.一般過去式的構(gòu)成形式:☆Be動(dòng)詞的過去式:⑴肯定句:主語+ be動(dòng)詞的過去式(was,were)
例:He was ill yesterday. She was nine two years ago.They were my students long long ago.
?、品穸ň洌褐髡Z+ be動(dòng)詞的過去式(was,were)+ not
例:He was not ill yesterday.She was not nine two years ago.They were not my students long long ago.
?、且话阋蓡柧洌褐苯影裝e動(dòng)詞提到句首。
例:Was he ill yesterday?
肯定回答:Yes,he was.
否定回答:No,he wasn't.Was she nine two years ago? Yes,she was. / No,she wasn't.Were they your students long long ago? Yes,they were. / No,they weren't.
☆實(shí)意動(dòng)詞的過去式:⑴肯定句:主語+動(dòng)詞的過去式
例:He played football last week.She watched TV last night.
?、品穸ň洌褐髡Z+ did not +動(dòng)詞原形
例:He did not play football last week.She didn’t watch TV last night.
⑶一般疑問句:Did +主語+動(dòng)詞原形 例:Did he play football last week?
回答:Yes,he did./ No,he didn't.
Did she watch TV last night?
回答:Yes,she did. / No,she didn’t.
五.動(dòng)詞變過去式的幾種常用規(guī)則:1.一般動(dòng)詞直接+ ed;
例:look--looked want--wanted listen --listened
2.以e結(jié)尾的詞直接+ d;例:live--lived phone--phoned
3.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾,變y為i加ed;例:try--tried study--studied
4.重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的,詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母,雙寫詞尾輔音字母+ ed;例:stop--stopped plan--planned
?、挡灰?guī)則動(dòng)詞: 動(dòng)詞由原形轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)檫^去式時(shí)不按詞尾加“-ed”之變化規(guī)則者叫做不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。小學(xué)常見的動(dòng)詞不規(guī)則過去式如:是be/is/am/are- was,是are- were,來come-came,去go- went,有have- had,做/干do- did,做make- made 讀read- read,放put- put,切割cut- cut,寫write- wrote,帶走take- took,買buy- bought,帶來bring- brought,想think- thought,看見see- saw,說say- said,說話speak- spoke,打破break- broke,得到get- got,跑run- ran,告訴tell- told,唱sing- sang,喝drink- drank,吃eat- ate,游泳swim- swam,開始begin- began,偷steal- stole,遇見meet- met,賣sell- sold,坐sit- sat,跑run-ran,讀read-read,想要want-want,知道know-known,fall-fell等等。
I worked in that factory last year. 我在那一家工廠工作。I went to the Tian Long Mountain yesterday. 昨天我們?nèi)チ颂忑埳健 stayed at home,yesterday.昨天,我整日呆在家里.
一般過去時(shí)態(tài):表示過去某一時(shí)間所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。謂語動(dòng)詞要用一般過去式。
時(shí)間標(biāo)志:yesterday(昨天),last weekend(上周),last month(上個(gè)月),last year,two months ago(兩個(gè)月前),the day before yesterday(前天),in 1990 (在1990年),in those days (在那些日子里)等表示過去的時(shí)間狀語。